Techniques › T1137 › T1137.006
T1137.006 Add-ins
persistence — Windows, Office Suite · attack.mitre.org · JSON
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MITRE detection strategy
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analytics
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Sigma rules tagged attack.t1137.006
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KEV CVEs mapped here
<p>Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Office add-ins to obtain persistence on a compromised system. Office add-ins can be used to add functionality to Office programs. There are different types of add-ins that can be used by the various Office products; including Word/Excel add-in Libraries (WLL/XLL), VBA add-ins, Office Component Object Model (COM) add-ins, automation add-ins, VBA Editor (VBE), Visual Studio Tools for Office (VSTO) add-ins, and Outlook add-ins.</p><p>Add-ins can be used to obtain persistence because they can be set to execute code when an Office application starts.</p>
KEV CVEs mapped to this technique · CTID Mappings Explorer
None. No KEV entry in the public mapping names this technique. Given that 74.7% of KEV has no mapping at all, this says more about the mapping than about the technique.
Detection strategy · ATT&CK Enterprise v19.2
- DET0050 Detect Persistence via Malicious Office Add-ins v1.0
AN0137 WindowsAn adversary writes or drops a malicious Office Add-in (e.g., WLL, XLL, COM) to a trusted directory or modifies registry keys to load malicious add-ins on Office application launch. Upon user opening Word or Excel, the add-in is automatically loaded, triggering execution of the payload, often spawning scripting engines or anomalous child processes.Tunable:
AddInExtensionTrustedPathRegistryPathChildProcessNameTimeWindowAN0138 Office SuiteMalicious Office add-ins loaded via VSTO, COM, or VBA auto-load paths. Upon launch of Word/Excel/Outlook, the add-in executes code without user action. Add-in resides in trusted directory or registered via Office COM/VBE subsystem. Behavior includes unsigned add-in execution, anomalous load context, or add-in spawning interpreter process.WinEventLog:ApplicationOffice Add-in load errors, abnormal loading context, or unsigned add-in warnings→ DC0038 Application Log ContentWinEventLog:Microsoft-Office/OutlookAddinMonitorOutlook loading add-in via unexpected load path or non-default profile context→ DC0064 Command ExecutionTunable:UnsignedAddInBehaviorOfficeProductVersionAddInTrigger
Sigma rules · SigmaHQ da9bb07d64, tag attack.t1137.006
Author: frack113
· 2021-12-28 · logsource: product=windows category=ps_script · 36fbec91-fa1b-4d5d-8df1-8d8edcb632ad
Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Office add-ins to obtain persistence on a compromised system.
Office add-ins can be used to add functionality to Office programs
Author: NVISO
· 2020-05-11 (modified 2023-02-08) · logsource: product=windows category=file_event · 8e1cb247-6cf6-42fa-b440-3f27d57e9936
Detects potential persistence activity via startup add-ins that load when Microsoft Office starts (.wll/.xll are simply .dll fit for Word or Excel).
Author: frack113
· 2023-01-15 (modified 2023-08-17) · logsource: product=windows category=registry_set · 961e33d1-4f86-4fcf-80ab-930a708b2f82
Detect potential persistence via the creation of an excel add-in (XLL) file to make it run automatically when Excel is started.
Author: Bhabesh Raj
· 2021-01-10 (modified 2026-01-09) · logsource: product=windows category=registry_set · 9d15044a-7cfe-4d23-8085-6ebc11df7685
Detects persistence via Visual Studio Tools for Office (VSTO) add-ins in Office applications.
Rules tagged at the parent level (attack.t1137) 9
These target the parent technique, not this sub-technique specifically. Listed for completeness, not counted as coverage.
Author: Max Altgelt (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2022-06-02 (modified 2023-06-22) · logsource: product=windows category=file_event · 0e20c89d-2264-44ae-8238-aeeaba609ece
Detects creation of Microsoft Office files inside of one of the default startup folders in order to achieve persistence.
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2023-02-08 · logsource: product=windows category=file_event · 117d3d3a-755c-4a61-b23e-9171146d094c
Detects the creation of a macro file for Outlook.
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2021-04-05 (modified 2023-08-17) · logsource: product=windows category=registry_set · 396ae3eb-4174-4b9b-880e-dc0364d78a19
Detects the modification of Outlook setting "LoadMacroProviderOnBoot" which if enabled allows the automatic loading of any configured VBA project/module
Author: frack113
· 2022-01-22 (modified 2023-08-17) · logsource: product=windows category=registry_set · 45e112d0-7759-4c2a-aa36-9f8fb79d3393
Hides the file extension through modification of the registry
Author: frack113
· 2022-01-22 (modified 2023-08-17) · logsource: product=windows category=registry_set · 5df86130-4e95-4a54-90f7-26541b40aec2
Hides the file extension through modification of the registry
Author: @ScoubiMtl
· 2021-04-05 (modified 2023-02-08) · logsource: product=windows category=file_event · 8c31f563-f9a7-450c-bfa8-35f8f32f1f61
Detects the creation of a macro file for Outlook.
Author: frack113
· 2021-12-28 (modified 2026-01-09) · logsource: product=windows category=registry_set · c3cefdf4-6703-4e1c-bad8-bf422fc5015a
Detects changes to the registry values related to outlook security settings
Author: @ScoubiMtl
· 2021-04-05 (modified 2023-08-17) · logsource: product=windows category=registry_set · e3b50fa5-3c3f-444e-937b-0a99d33731cd
Detects the modification of Outlook security setting to allow unprompted execution of macros.
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2023-04-05 (modified 2023-08-17) · logsource: product=windows category=registry_set · fc06e655-d98c-412f-ac76-05c2698b1cb2
Detects changes to the registry values related to outlook that indicates that a reminder was triggered for a Note or Task item. This could be a sign of exploitation of CVE-2023-23397. Further investigation is required to determine the success of an exploitation.