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Coverage › CVE-2025-31201

CVE-2025-31201 Stale Partial Sigma

Apple Multiple Products Arbitrary Read and Write Vulnerability

Vendor / product
Apple — Multiple Products
Description (CISA)
Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and other Apple products contain an arbitrary read and write vulnerability that allows an attacker to bypass Pointer Authentication.
Added to KEV
2025-04-17
Due date
2025-05-08
Required action
Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
Known ransomware use
Unknown
CWE
none recorded by CISA
CISA notes
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122282
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122400
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122401
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122402
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31201
Elsewhere
cve.org · NVD · CISA KEV · JSON

Stale mapping. This entry was mapped under ATT&CK 16.1; the current bundle is v19.2, and at least one mapped technique no longer stands as mapped:

  • T1562 was revoked (superseded by T1685)

The chain below is rendered for the techniques that are still live. The superseding technique is linked where ATT&CK records one, but kevmap does not transfer the mapping to it — that would be a new claim nobody has published.

ATT&CK techniques · CTID Mappings Explorer, ATT&CK 16.1, KEV snapshot 2025-07-28

14 mapping objects across 14 techniques. exploitation technique states how the vulnerability is exploited; primary and secondary impact state what exploitation achieves. They are different claims and are labelled as such. Mappings marked mobile refer to ATT&CK Mobile; this site traverses the Enterprise bundle only and shows no detection chain for them.

TechniqueMapping typeCTID commentStatus in v19.2
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution exploitation technique A strategic zero-click iMessage exploit chain (CVE-2025-31200 / 31201) has been reported as compromising targeted devices with Paragon's Graphite spyware. Observed impacts include Secure Enclave key exfiltration, silent wallet theft, C2 infrastructure, and persistent C2 communication.
ref 1 · ref 2
live
T1658 Exploitation for Client Executionmobile exploitation technique A strategic zero-click iMessage exploit chain (CVE-2025-31200 / 31201) has been reported as compromising targeted devices with Paragon's Graphite spyware. Observed impacts include Secure Enclave key exfiltration, silent wallet theft, C2 infrastructure, and persistent C2 communication.
ref 1 · ref 2
not checked (Mobile)
T1001 Data Obfuscation secondary impact A strategic zero-click iMessage exploit chain (CVE-2025-31200 / 31201) has been reported as compromising targeted devices with Paragon's Graphite spyware. Observed impacts include Secure Enclave key exfiltration, silent wallet theft, C2 infrastructure, and persistent C2 communication.
ref 1 · ref 2
live
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter secondary impact A strategic zero-click iMessage exploit chain (CVE-2025-31200 / 31201) has been reported as compromising targeted devices with Paragon's Graphite spyware. Observed impacts include Secure Enclave key exfiltration, silent wallet theft, C2 infrastructure, and persistent C2 communication.
ref 1 · ref 2
live
T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer primary impact A strategic zero-click iMessage exploit chain (CVE-2025-31200 / 31201) has been reported as compromising targeted devices with Paragon's Graphite spyware. Observed impacts include Secure Enclave key exfiltration, silent wallet theft, C2 infrastructure, and persistent C2 communication.
ref 1 · ref 2
live
T1106 Native API secondary impact A strategic zero-click iMessage exploit chain (CVE-2025-31200 / 31201) has been reported as compromising targeted devices with Paragon's Graphite spyware. Observed impacts include Secure Enclave key exfiltration, silent wallet theft, C2 infrastructure, and persistent C2 communication.
ref 1 · ref 2
live
T1406 Obfuscated Files or Informationmobile secondary impact A strategic zero-click iMessage exploit chain (CVE-2025-31200 / 31201) has been reported as compromising targeted devices with Paragon's Graphite spyware. Observed impacts include Secure Enclave key exfiltration, silent wallet theft, C2 infrastructure, and persistent C2 communication.
ref 1 · ref 2
not checked (Mobile)
T1544 Ingress Tool Transfermobile primary impact A strategic zero-click iMessage exploit chain (CVE-2025-31200 / 31201) has been reported as compromising targeted devices with Paragon's Graphite spyware. Observed impacts include Secure Enclave key exfiltration, silent wallet theft, C2 infrastructure, and persistent C2 communication.
ref 1 · ref 2
not checked (Mobile)
T1557 Adversary-in-the-Middle secondary impact A strategic zero-click iMessage exploit chain (CVE-2025-31200 / 31201) has been reported as compromising targeted devices with Paragon's Graphite spyware. Observed impacts include Secure Enclave key exfiltration, silent wallet theft, C2 infrastructure, and persistent C2 communication.
ref 1 · ref 2
live
T1562 Impair Defenses secondary impact A strategic zero-click iMessage exploit chain (CVE-2025-31200 / 31201) has been reported as compromising targeted devices with Paragon's Graphite spyware. Observed impacts include Secure Enclave key exfiltration, silent wallet theft, C2 infrastructure, and persistent C2 communication.
ref 1 · ref 2
revokedT1685
T1575 Native APImobile secondary impact A strategic zero-click iMessage exploit chain (CVE-2025-31200 / 31201) has been reported as compromising targeted devices with Paragon's Graphite spyware. Observed impacts include Secure Enclave key exfiltration, silent wallet theft, C2 infrastructure, and persistent C2 communication.
ref 1 · ref 2
not checked (Mobile)
T1623 Command and Scripting Interpretermobile secondary impact A strategic zero-click iMessage exploit chain (CVE-2025-31200 / 31201) has been reported as compromising targeted devices with Paragon's Graphite spyware. Observed impacts include Secure Enclave key exfiltration, silent wallet theft, C2 infrastructure, and persistent C2 communication.
ref 1 · ref 2
not checked (Mobile)
T1629 Impair Defensesmobile secondary impact A strategic zero-click iMessage exploit chain (CVE-2025-31200 / 31201) has been reported as compromising targeted devices with Paragon's Graphite spyware. Observed impacts include Secure Enclave key exfiltration, silent wallet theft, C2 infrastructure, and persistent C2 communication.
ref 1 · ref 2
not checked (Mobile)
T1638 Adversary-in-the-Middlemobile secondary impact A strategic zero-click iMessage exploit chain (CVE-2025-31200 / 31201) has been reported as compromising targeted devices with Paragon's Graphite spyware. Observed impacts include Secure Enclave key exfiltration, silent wallet theft, C2 infrastructure, and persistent C2 communication.
ref 1 · ref 2
not checked (Mobile)

Detection chain · ATT&CK Enterprise v19.2 detection strategies, analytics, log sources

T1001 Data Obfuscation secondary impact

Sigma rules tagged attack.t1001 (0)

None. MITRE's strategy above is the only public detection guidance for this technique.

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter secondary impact

Sigma rules tagged attack.t1059 (95)

Author: Sohan G (D4rkCiph3r) · 2023-04-05 · logsource: product=macos category=process_creation · 0250638a-2b28-4541-86fc-ea4c558fa0c6
Detects suspicious child processes spawned from browsers. This could be a result of a potential web browser exploitation.
Techniques: T1189T1203T1059
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2023-04-17 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 05ebafc8-7aa2-4bcd-a269-2aec93f9e842
Detects usage of winget to add new additional download sources
Techniques: T1059
Author: Victor Sergeev, oscd.community · 2020-10-09 (modified 2024-04-23) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 06b401f4-107c-4ff9-947f-9ec1e7649f1e
Detects execution of "ftp.exe" script with the "-s" or "/s" flag and any child processes ran by "ftp.exe".
Techniques: T1059T1202
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), E.M. Anhaus (originally from Atomic Blue Detections, Endgame), oscd.community · 2022-06-14 (modified 2023-01-04) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 0955e4e1-c281-4fb9-9ee1-5ee7b4b754d2
Detects execition of commands and binaries from the context of The program compatibility assistant (Pcalua.exe). This can be used as a LOLBIN in order to bypass application whitelisting.
Techniques: T1059
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) · 2025-11-25 · logsource: product=linux category=process_creation · 11bb9b26-4179-4a06-afcb-1ec31fce1627
Detects potential Shai-Hulud malware indicators based on specific command line arguments associated with its execution.
Techniques: T1059
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2022-02-08 (modified 2026-02-17) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 1228c958-e64e-4e71-92ad-7d429f4138ba
Detects suspicious script execution from suspicious directories or folders accessible by environment variables that may indicate malware activity. Script interpreters (cscript, wscript, mshta, powershell) executing from folders like Temp, Public, or user profile directories may suggest attempts to evade detection or execute malicious scripts.
Techniques: T1059
Author: Josh Nickels, Marius Rothenbücher · 2024-09-06 · logsource: product=windows category=dns_query · 12310575-e8b1-475c-a976-57ed540b349c
Detects unusual domain resolutions originating from CScript/WScript that can identify malicious javascript files executing in an environment, often as a result from a phishing or watering hole attack.
Techniques: T1059
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) · 2021-11-20 (modified 2023-03-29) · logsource: product=windows category=file_event · 1277f594-a7d1-4f28-a2d3-73af5cbeab43
Detects Windows shells and scripting applications that write files to suspicious folders
Techniques: T1059
Author: frack113, Tim Shelton (update fp) · 2022-12-05 (modified 2025-03-06) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 178e615d-e666-498b-9630-9ed363038101
Detects when a shell program such as the Windows command prompt or PowerShell is launched with system privileges from a uncommon parent location.
Techniques: T1059
Author: Micah Babinski · 2023-10-15 · logsource: product=windows category=file_event · 1a433e1d-03d2-47a6-8063-ece992cf4e73
Detects the usage of curl.exe, KeyScramblerLogon, or other non-standard/suspicious processes used to create Autoit3.exe. This activity has been associated with DarkGate malware, which uses Autoit3.exe to execute shellcode that performs process injection and connects to the DarkGate command-and-control server. Curl, KeyScramblerLogon, and these other processes consitute non-standard and suspicious ways to retrieve the Autoit3 executable.
Techniques: T1105T1059
Author: Andreas Braathen (mnemonic.io) · 2023-11-14 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 1ddaa9a4-eb0b-4398-a9fe-7b018f9e23db
Detects exploitation attempt of CVE-2023-22518 (Confluence Data Center / Confluence Server), where an attacker can exploit vulnerable endpoints to e.g. create admin accounts and execute arbitrary commands.
Techniques: T1059T1190
CVE tags: CVE-2023-22518
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2023-01-02 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 20a5ffa1-3848-4584-b6f8-c7c7fd9f69c8
Detects execution of ruby using the "-e" flag. This is could be used as a way to launch a reverse shell or execute live ruby code.
Techniques: T1059
Author: Tim Rauch (rule), Elastic (idea) · 2022-10-17 · logsource: product=macos category=process_creation · 234dc5df-40b5-49d1-bf53-0d44ce778eca
Detects when a built-in utility is used to decode and decrypt a payload after a macOS disk image (DMG) is executed. Malware authors may attempt to evade detection and trick users into executing malicious code by encoding and encrypting their payload and placing it in a disk image file. This behavior is consistent with adware or malware families such as Bundlore and Shlayer.
Techniques: T1059T1204T1140
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2023-06-14 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 236d8e89-ed95-4789-a982-36f4643738ba
Detects execution of the "VMwareToolBoxCmd.exe" with the "script" and "set" flag to setup a specific script that's located in a potentially suspicious location to run for a specific VM state
Techniques: T1059
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), X__Junior (Nextron Systems) · 2024-01-11 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 2433a154-bb3d-42e4-86c3-a26bdac91c45
Detects the execution of a renamed "PingCastle" binary based on the PE metadata fields.
Techniques: T1059T1202

All 95 rules on the technique page →

T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer primary impact

Sigma rules tagged attack.t1105 (87)

Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Cedric MAURUGEON (Update) · 2022-09-15 (modified 2023-05-02) · logsource: product=linux category=process_creation · 00b90cc1-17ec-402c-96ad-3a8117d7a582
Detects a suspicious curl process start the adds a file to a web request
Techniques: T1567T1105
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Cedric MAURUGEON (Update) · 2020-07-03 (modified 2023-05-02) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 00bca14a-df4e-4649-9054-3f2aa676bc04
Detects the execution of the "curl" process with "upload" flags. Which might indicate potential data exfiltration
Techniques: T1567T1105
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2021-12-27 (modified 2022-08-02) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 00d49ed5-4491-4271-a8db-650a4ef6f8c1
Detects suspicious ways to download files from Microsoft domains that are used to store attachments in Emails or OneNote documents
Techniques: T1105T1608
Author: frack113 · 2022-12-25 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 02b64f1b-3f33-4e67-aede-ef3b0a5a8fcf
Detects usage of COM objects that can be abused to download files in PowerShell by CLSID
Techniques: T1105
Author: Furkan CALISKAN, @caliskanfurkan_, @oscd_initiative, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2020-10-05 (modified 2024-03-05) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 04936b66-3915-43ad-a8e5-809eadfd1141
Detects execution of findstr with the "s" and "i" flags for a "subfolder" and "insensitive" search respectively. Attackers sometimes leverage this built-in utility to search the system for interesting files or filter through results of commands.
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) · 2025-06-13 · logsource: product=windows category=image_load · 04fc4b22-91a6-495a-879d-0144fec5ec03
Detects potential exploitation of remote code execution vulnerability CVE-2025-33053 by monitoring suspicious image loads from WebDAV paths. The exploit involves malicious executables from attacker-controlled WebDAV servers loading the Windows system DLLs like gdi32.dll, netapi32.dll, etc.
Techniques: T1218T1105
CVE tags: CVE-2025-33053
Author: frack113 · 2022-08-28 (modified 2024-05-31) · logsource: product=windows category=network_connection · 08249dc0-a28d-4555-8ba5-9255a198e08c
Detects a script interpreter (Wscript/Cscript) initiating a local network connection to download or execute a script hosted on a shared folder.
Techniques: T1105
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) · 2026-04-01 · logsource: product=linux category=process_creation · 0a23a62d-c5b3-468b-a072-25064a9a8c87
Detects the Linux-specific execution chain of the plain-crypto-js malicious npm dependency by Axios NPM package, including payload download via curl and detached execution using nohup and python3. On March 30, 2026, malicious versions (1.14.1, 0.30.4) were published to npm, injecting a dependency (plain-crypto-js@4.2.1) that executed a postinstall script as a cross-platform RAT dropper. The dropper contacted a C2 server, delivered platform-specific payloads, deleted itself, and replaced package.json to evade detection.
Author: frack113, Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) · 2022-09-02 (modified 2024-05-31) · logsource: product=windows category=network_connection · 0dba975d-a193-4ed1-a067-424df57570d1
Detects a network connection initiated by the certutil.exe utility. Attackers can abuse the utility in order to download malware or additional payloads.
Techniques: T1105
Author: Sreeman, Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) · 2022-01-04 (modified 2025-10-07) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 0e8cfe08-02c9-4815-a2f8-0d157b7ed33e
Detects execution of chromium based browser in headless mode using the "dump-dom" command line to download files
Techniques: T1105T1564.003
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Hieu Tran · 2023-03-13 (modified 2025-07-18) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 0f0450f3-8b47-441e-a31b-15a91dc243e2
Detects potential DLL files being downloaded using the PowerShell Invoke-WebRequest or Invoke-RestMethod cmdlets.
Techniques: T1059.001T1105
Author: Sohan G (D4rkCiph3r), Red Canary (idea) · 2023-08-22 · logsource: product=macos category=process_creation · 13db8d2e-7723-4c2c-93c1-a4d36994f7ef
Detects potential in-memory downloading and compiling of applets using curl and osacompile as seen used by XCSSET malware
Techniques: T1059.007T1105
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2023-02-15 (modified 2025-12-01) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 13e6fe51-d478-4c7e-b0f2-6da9b400a829
Detects the execution of certutil with certain flags that allow the utility to download files from direct IPs.
Techniques: T1027T1105
Author: frack113 · 2021-11-26 (modified 2022-08-13) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 185d7418-f250-42d0-b72e-0c8b70661e93
Download and compress a remote file and store it in a cab file on local machine.
Techniques: T1105
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) · 2017-11-08 (modified 2023-05-18) · logsource: category=proxy · 195c1119-ef07-4909-bb12-e66f5e07bf3c
Detects download of certain file types from hosts with dynamic DNS names (selected list)
Techniques: T1105T1568

All 87 rules on the technique page →

T1106 Native API secondary impact

Sigma rules tagged attack.t1106 (14)

Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Nikita Nazarov, oscd.community · 2020-10-06 (modified 2026-04-29) · logsource: product=windows category=ps_script · 03d83090-8cba-44a0-b02f-0b756a050306
Detects usage of WinAPI functions in PowerShell scripts. It may indicate attempts to perform actions such as process injection, token stealing, or other malicious activities that leverage Windows API calls. These techniques are commonly used to evade traditional file-based detections by loading and executing code directly in memory.
Author: Christian Burkard (Nextron Systems) · 2021-08-04 (modified 2023-11-28) · logsource: product=windows category=process_access · 09706624-b7f6-455d-9d02-adee024cee1d
Detects a typical pattern of a CobaltStrike BOF which inject into other processes
Techniques: T1106T1685
Author: Nikita Nazarov, oscd.community, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2023-07-21 · logsource: product=windows category=ps_script · 19d65a1c-8540-4140-8062-8eb00db0bba5
Detects calls to WinAPI libraries from PowerShell scripts. Attackers can often leverage these APIs to avoid detection based on typical PowerShell function calls. Use this rule as a basis to hunt for interesting scripts.
Techniques: T1059.001T1106
Author: Christian Burkard (Nextron Systems), Tim Shelton (FP) · 2021-07-28 (modified 2023-12-13) · logsource: product=windows category=process_access · 3f3f3506-1895-401b-9cc3-e86b16e630d0
Detects potential calls to NtOpenProcess directly from NTDLL.
Techniques: T1106
Author: Markus Neis · 2017-11-06 (modified 2021-11-27) · logsource: product=windows category=pipe_created · 739915e4-1e70-4778-8b8a-17db02f66db1
Detects a named pipe used by Turla group samples
Techniques: T1106
Author: Rafal Piasecki · 2022-08-10 (modified 2026-03-30) · logsource: product=linux service=auditd · 808146b2-9332-4d78-9416-d7e47012d83d
detects BPFDoor .lock and .pid files access in temporary file storage facility
Techniques: T1106T1059
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel · 2023-12-04 · logsource: product=windows category=ps_script · 851fd622-b675-4d26-b803-14bc7baa517a
Detects scriptblock text keywords indicative of potential usge of the tool WinPwn. A tool for Windows and Active Directory reconnaissance and exploitation.
Author: Alexander Rausch · 2020-06-24 (modified 2023-03-01) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 95022b85-ff2a-49fa-939a-d7b8f56eeb9b
Detects actions caused by the RedMimicry Winnti playbook a automated breach emulations utility
Author: Nikita Nazarov, oscd.community, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2023-07-21 · logsource: product=windows category=ps_script · 9f22ccd5-a435-453b-af96-bf99cbb594d4
Detects calls to WinAPI functions from PowerShell scripts. Attackers can often leverage these APIs to avoid detection based on typical PowerShell function calls. Use this rule as a basis to hunt for interesting scripts.
Techniques: T1059.001T1106
Author: Bhabesh Raj (rule), @thefLinkk · 2022-06-27 (modified 2023-11-28) · logsource: product=windows category=process_access · b1bd3a59-c1fd-4860-9f40-4dd161a7d1f5
Detects HandleKatz opening LSASS to duplicate its handle to later dump the memory without opening any new handles
Techniques: T1106T1003.001
Author: Beyu Denis, oscd.community, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2019-10-26 (modified 2024-04-22) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · b5c7395f-e501-4a08-94d4-57fe7a9da9d2
Detects usage of "cdb.exe" to launch arbitrary processes or commands from a debugger script file
Techniques: T1106T1218T1127
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2022-09-06 (modified 2025-03-06) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · ba3f5c1b-6272-4119-9dbd-0bc8d21c2702
Detects the use of WinAPI Functions via the commandline. As seen used by threat actors via the tool winapiexec
Techniques: T1106
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel · 2023-12-04 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · d557dc06-62e8-4468-a8e8-7984124908ce
Detects commandline keywords indicative of potential usge of the tool WinPwn. A tool for Windows and Active Directory reconnaissance and exploitation.
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2021-07-17 (modified 2023-02-21) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · e32f92d1-523e-49c3-9374-bdb13b46a3ba
Detects suspicious mshta process execution patterns
Techniques: T1106

T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution exploitation technique

Sigma rules tagged attack.t1203 (35)

Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) · 2017-11-07 (modified 2023-05-18) · logsource: category=proxy · 00d0b5ab-1f55-4120-8e83-487c0a7baf19
Detects download of certain file types from hosts in suspicious TLDs
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) · 2019-10-24 (modified 2021-11-27) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 023394c4-29d5-46ab-92b8-6a534c6f447b
Detects suspicious Hangul Word Processor (Hanword) sub processes that could indicate an exploitation
Author: Sohan G (D4rkCiph3r) · 2023-04-05 · logsource: product=macos category=process_creation · 0250638a-2b28-4541-86fc-ea4c558fa0c6
Detects suspicious child processes spawned from browsers. This could be a result of a potential web browser exploitation.
Techniques: T1189T1203T1059
Author: Arnim Rupp (Nextron Systems) · 2026-06-15 · logsource: category=antivirus · 101a1877-2cf4-474d-abfd-7f6ac4788d1a
Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports APT malware. This event must not be ignored just because the AV has blocked the malware but investigate, how it came there in the first place.
Techniques: T1203T1219.002
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2023-08-31 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 146aace8-9bd6-42ba-be7a-0070d8027b76
Detects potentially suspicious child processes of WinRAR.exe.
Techniques: T1203
Author: Roberto Rodriguez (Cyb3rWard0g), OTR (Open Threat Research), MSTIC · 2021-10-15 (modified 2022-10-05) · logsource: product=linux category=process_creation · 21541900-27a9-4454-9c4c-3f0a4240344a
Rule to detect the use of the SCX RunAsProvider Invoke_ExecuteShellCommand to execute any UNIX/Linux command using the /bin/sh shell. SCXcore, started as the Microsoft Operations Manager UNIX/Linux Agent, is now used in a host of products including Microsoft Operations Manager, Microsoft Azure, and Microsoft Operations Management Suite.
Techniques: T1068T1190T1203
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Arnim Rupp · 2018-09-09 (modified 2026-06-15) · logsource: category=antivirus · 238527ad-3c2c-4e4f-a1f6-92fd63adb864
Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports an exploitation framework. This event must not be ignored just because the AV has blocked the malware but investigate, how it came there in the first place.
Techniques: T1203T1219.002
Author: Florian Roth · 2025-01-18 · logsource: product=linux category=process_creation · 297241f3-8108-4b3a-8c15-2dda9f844594
Detects the execution of a shell as sub process of "rsync" without the expected command line flag "-e" being used, which could be an indication of exploitation as described in CVE-2024-12084. This behavior is commonly associated with attempts to execute arbitrary commands or escalate privileges, potentially leading to unauthorized access or further exploitation.
Techniques: T1059T1203
Author: Sittikorn S, frack113 · 2021-07-16 (modified 2023-08-17) · logsource: product=windows category=registry_set · 32b5db62-cb5f-4266-9639-0fa48376ac00
Detects patterns as noticed in exploitation of Windows CVE-2021-31979 CVE-2021-33771 vulnerability and DevilsTongue malware by threat group Sourgum
Techniques: T1566T1203
CVE tags: CVE-2021-33771CVE-2021-31979
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2023-06-12 (modified 2024-03-12) · logsource: product=windows category=network_connection · 3c21219b-49b5-4268-bce6-c914ed50f09c
Detects network connections from "dfsvc.exe" used to handled ClickOnce applications to non-local IPs
Techniques: T1203
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) · 2025-05-20 · logsource: category=webserver · 41956f7c-7a6b-46d6-b6bb-da6eb2e83fbe
Detects potential exploitation of a chained vulnerability attack targeting Ivanti EPMM 12.5.0.0. CVE-2025-4427 allows unauthenticated access to protected API endpoints via an authentication bypass, which can then be leveraged to trigger CVE-2025-4428 — a remote code execution vulnerability through template injection. This sequence enables unauthenticated remote code execution, significantly increasing the impact of exploitation.
Techniques: T1190T1203
CVE tags: CVE-2025-4427CVE-2025-4428
Author: Huntress Labs, Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) · 2025-10-31 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 43259cc4-1b80-4931-bd98-baea01afc196
Detects the creation of command-line interpreters (cmd.exe, powershell.exe) as child processes of Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) related process wsusservice.exe. This behavior is a key indicator of exploitation for the critical remote code execution vulnerability such as CVE-2025-59287, where attackers spawn shells to conduct reconnaissance and further post-exploitation activities.
Techniques: T1190T1203
CVE tags: CVE-2025-59287
Audit CVE Event criticaltest
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Zach Mathis · 2020-01-15 (modified 2022-10-22) · logsource: product=windows service=application · 48d91a3a-2363-43ba-a456-ca71ac3da5c2
Detects events generated by user-mode applications when they call the CveEventWrite API when a known vulnerability is trying to be exploited. MS started using this log in Jan. 2020 with CVE-2020-0601 (a Windows CryptoAPI vulnerability. Unfortunately, that is about the only instance of CVEs being written to this log.
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) · 2023-06-12 (modified 2024-01-31) · logsource: product=windows category=network_connection · 4c5fba4a-9ef6-4f16-823d-606246054741
Detects an initiated network connection over uncommon ports from "dfsvc.exe". A utility used to handled ClickOnce applications.
Techniques: T1203
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) · 2025-11-25 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 5299fadf-f228-4526-8274-251db1960be9
Detects the execution of `bun_environment.js` via the Bun runtime, a behavior associated with the Shai-Hulud "Second Coming" NPM supply chain attack. The malware uses a `setup_bun.js` script to install the Bun runtime if not present, and then executes the malicious `bun_environment.js` payload.
Techniques: T1195.002T1203

All 35 rules on the technique page →

T1557 Adversary-in-the-Middle secondary impact

Sigma rules tagged attack.t1557 (10)

Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) · 2026-02-02 (modified 2026-03-16) · logsource: product=windows category=dns_query · 2074e137-1b73-4e2d-88ba-5a3407dbdce0
Detects when the Notepad++ updater (gup.exe) makes DNS queries to domains that are not part of the known legitimate update infrastructure. This could indicate potential exploitation of the updater mechanism or suspicious network activity that warrants further investigation.
Techniques: T1195.002T1557
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) · 2026-02-03 (modified 2026-03-16) · logsource: product=windows category=file_event · 3b8f4c92-6a51-4d7e-9c3a-8e2d1f5a7b09
Detects when the Notepad++ updater (gup.exe) creates files in suspicious or uncommon locations. This could indicate potential exploitation of the updater component to deliver unwanted malware or unwarranted files.
Techniques: T1195.002T1557
Author: Tim Brown · 2023-01-09 · logsource: product=cisco service=ldp · 50e606bf-04ce-4ca7-9d54-3449494bbd4b
Detects LDP failures which may be indicative of brute force attacks to manipulate MPLS labels
Techniques: T1078T1110T1557
Author: Tim Brown · 2023-01-09 (modified 2023-01-23) · logsource: product=cisco service=bgp · 56fa3cd6-f8d6-4520-a8c7-607292971886
Detects BGP failures which may be indicative of brute force attacks to manipulate routing
Techniques: T1078T1110T1557
Author: Tim Brown · 2023-01-09 (modified 2023-01-23) · logsource: product=huawei service=bgp · a557ffe6-ac54-43d2-ae69-158027082350
Detects BGP failures which may be indicative of brute force attacks to manipulate routing.
Techniques: T1078T1110T1557
Author: Tim Brown · 2023-01-09 (modified 2023-01-23) · logsource: product=juniper service=bgp · a7c0ae48-8df8-42bf-91bd-2ea57e2f9d43
Detects juniper BGP missing MD5 digest. Which may be indicative of brute force attacks to manipulate routing.
Techniques: T1078T1110T1557
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) · 2026-02-03 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · bb0e87ce-c89f-4857-84fa-095e4483e9cb
Detects suspicious child process creation by the Notepad++ updater process (gup.exe). This could indicate potential exploitation of the updater component to deliver unwanted malware.
Techniques: T1195.002T1557
Author: Janantha Marasinghe · 2022-11-18 (modified 2022-12-30) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · c2c76b77-32be-4d1f-82c9-7e544bdfe0eb
Detects potential suspicious behaviour using secedit.exe. Such as exporting or modifying the security policy
Author: hamid · 2025-10-19 · logsource: product=windows service=system · d22df9cd-2aee-4089-93c7-9dc4eae77f2c
Detects the configuration of a new ISATAP router on a Windows host. While ISATAP is a legitimate Microsoft technology for IPv6 transition, unexpected or unauthorized ISATAP router configurations could indicate a potential IPv6 DNS Takeover attack using tools like mitm6. In such attacks, adversaries advertise themselves as DHCPv6 servers and set malicious ISATAP routers to intercept traffic. This detection should be correlated with network baselines and known legitimate ISATAP deployments in your environment.
Techniques: T1557T1565.002
Author: Marco Pedrinazzi (@pedrinazziM) (InTheCyber) · 2026-04-28 · logsource: product=azure service=signinlogs · ea1a07f0-3dac-47a2-aeb4-86f5379ba2b4
Detects sign-in attempts in Azure/Entra ID logs where the user agent contains "axios", indicating potential use of automated credential harvesting or AiTM phishing infrastructure. Axios is a Node.js HTTP client abused to intercept and replay stolen credentials and MFA tokens. When triaging results, analysts should: - Check the sign-in risk level, MFA status, and conditional access results for signs of bypass. - Look for sign-ins from unusual locations or IPs, especially if the same IP targets multiple accounts. - Prioritize successful sign-ins over failed ones, as they may indicate a completed credential replay or AiTM attack.
Techniques: T1557